These ephedra species have medicinal, ecological, and economic value. Ephedra fragilis moris, 1828 ephedra fragilis lowe bibliographic references. Ephedra fragilis, commonly named the joint pine, is a species of ephedra that is native to eastern mediterranean region of southern europe and northern africa, and from madeira and the canary islands in the atlantic its habitats are rocky hills and stone walls, where it grows to 6 feet 1. Ephedra fragilis pfaf plant database plants for a future. Jul 18, 2015 the aim of this study was to measure the total alkaloids content tac, total phenolics content tpc, and total flavonoids content tfc and determine their relationship in dry herb of ephedra major, ephedra distachya subsp. The preparation method of ephedrine alkaloidsfree ephedra. We show that wind and insect pollination occur in the morphologically uniform genus ephedra gnetales. Ephedra sinica or mahuang is an evergreen shrub native to central asia. Each plant profile in the database contains nomenclature info, botanical data, plant. May 18, 2015 the aim of this study was to measure the total alkaloids content tac, total phenolics content tpc, and total flavonoids content tfc and determine their relationship in dry herb of ephedra major, ephedra distachya subsp. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license.
Essential oil composition of three italian species of ephedra. This is the profile for the plant ephedra fragilis jointpine efedra. Some asian species have been used as a source of the stimulant ephedrine, and many are important in herbal medicine. By the time of pollination just below the micropyle pollen chamber develops. This page was last edited on 18 decemberat ephedra fragilis. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Pdf the pollination drop pd is a sweet secretion produced by female.
Chemical composition of various ephedra species ncbi. Ephedra use is linked to high blood pressure, heart attacks, muscle disorders, seizures, strokes, irregular heartbeat, loss of consciousness, and death. Tai dazniausiai 1,55 m aukscio krumoksniai, nariuotomis, belapemis sakomis. The thermogenic properties of ephedrine are mainly due to its action as a sympathicomimetic compound. From near extinction to diversification by means of a. Ginklasipika han iucn an species komo diri gud kababarakan. Jun 15, 2019 ephedra chilensis pdf ephedra is a genus of gymnosperm shrubs, the only genus in its family, ephedraceae, and ephedra chilensis chile, argentina. Abstract the chemical compositions of the essential oils of the aerial parts of ephedra distachya, e. Ear candling candle,ear candle,ear wax cone,ear cone,silicone facial cleanser. Gnetophyte, any member of the division gnetophyta, a small group of gymnospermous vascular plants that are represented by three living genera. The species is dioecious individual flowers are either male or female, but only one sex is to be found on any one plant so both male and female plants must be grown if seed is required. This page was last edited on 9 december 2014, at 03.
Ars germplasm resources information network epfr2 wildlife. Each plant profile in the database contains nomenclature info, botanical data, plant description, large, highresolution pictures, images and photos of the plants and its parts, detailed information such as. Ephedra, genus of 65 species of gymnosperm shrubs of the family ephedraceae. The lower half of the inner envelope is fused to the nucellus but upper half is free and prolongs into a long micropyle tube. Ephedra fragilis, commonly named the joint pine, is a species of ephedra that is native to.
Freshney, culture of animal cells, a manual of basic technique, alan. From near extinction to diversification by means of a shift. Ang ephedra fragilis sakop sa kahenera nga ephedra sa kabanay nga ephedraceae. Efedra fragile dipartimento di scienze della vita, universita di trieste progetto dryades picture by andrea moro vienna, centro cittadino, hortus botanicus vindobonensis, orto botanico delluniversita di vienna. Evidence for a double mutualistic interaction between a lizard and a mediterranean gymnosperm, ephedra fragilis article pdf available in aob plants 111 january 2019 with 328 reads.
Members of this genus contain various medicinally active alkaloids but notably ephedrine and they are widely used in preparations for the treatment of asthma and catarrh. Ephedraceae, a locally cultivated medicinal plant, is a source of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine, two important alkaloids, which have long played an important pharmacological role. The aim of this study was to measure the total alkaloids content tac, total phenolics content tpc, and total flavonoids content tfc and determine their relationship in dry herb of ephedra major, ephedra distachya subsp. Department of agriculture agricultural research service. Automobiles,construction equipment,mining equipment and related parts. For more multimedia, look at ephedra fragilis on wikimedia commons. Its just possible to see the projecting micropyles of the ovules, ready for pollination. The chemical compositions of the essential oils of the aerial parts of ephedra distachya, e.
Ephedra species ephedra foeminea name synonyms ephedra campylopoda c. Effects of ephedrine and ephedra fragilis crude extracts on. The various species of ephedra are widespread in many lands, native to southwestern north america, southern europe, northern africa, southwest and central asia, northern china and western south america. Ephedra fragilis is an evergreen shrub growing to 1. Ephedra fragilis, commonly named the joint pine, is a species of ephedra that is native to eastern mediterranean region of southern europe and northern africa, and from madeira and the canary islands in the atlantic. Ephedra chilensis pdf ephedra is a genus of gymnosperm shrubs, the only genus in its family, ephedraceae, and ephedra chilensis chile, argentina. Pollen chamber in ephedra is the deepest known among the gymnosperms. The plants database includes the following 19 species of ephedra. Media in category ephedra fragilis the following 30 files are in this category, out of 30 total.
The record derives from wcsp data supplied on 20120323 which reports it as an accepted name record 332930 with original publication details. Purpose of assessment the federal office of consumer protection and food safety bvl, in collaboration with the als working party on dietary foods, nutrition and classification issues, has compiled a hit list of 10 substances, the consumption of which may pose a health risk. Ephedra fragilis female strobili a member of the rather enigmatic group gnetales. Pdf the role of pollination drops in animal pollination in. Caffeine consumption in combination with ephedrine has been reported to increase the risk of these cardiovascular events.
Click below on a thumbnail map or name for species. Pdf the role of pollination drops in animal pollination. Efedra ephedra gnetunu gnetophyta skyriaus plikasekliu augalu gentis priklauso monotipinei seimai. Evidence for a double mutualistic interaction between a lizard and a. There are 65 species in the genus ephedra, 30 or more in gnetum, but only one in welwitschia. Ephedra fragilis ephedraceae is a dioecious evergreen shrub, up to 4 m in height, distributed in the western mediterranean basin markgraf 1964. Ephedra fragilis showed to be mostly anemophilous, lizards and insects playing only a minor role on seed set. Click below on a thumbnail map or name for species profiles. Pollination in gymnosperms is usually accomplished by means of wind, but some groups are insectpollinated. Ephedra distachya, ephedraceae, new record, stara planina mountains, flora of serbia. Evidence for a double mutualistic interaction between a. Page designed through the cooperative efforts of interagency itis teams.
The various species of ephedra are widespread in many lands, native to southwestern north america, southern europe, northern africa, southwest and central asia, northern china and western south america in temperate climates, most ephedra species grow on shores or in sandy soils with. May 12, 2011 deep healing energy 528hz ancient frequency sound healing session zen meditation duration. Ephedra sinica ma huang, chinese ephedra pfaf plant database. The present study investigated the in vitro effects of ephedrine and the ephedra branch extract on unstimulated lymphocytes. Stapf ephedra macedonica kosanin homonyms ephedra foeminea forssk. The role of pollination drops in animal pollination in the mediterranean gymnosperm ephedra fragilis gnetales article pdf available in plant ecology 21712 october 2016 with 148 reads. Pdf the medicinal significance of ephedra is based on the sympathomimetic. The genus ephedra of the ephedraceae family contains more than 60 species of nonflowering seed plants distributed throughout asia, america, europe, and north africa.
These side effects might be more likely if ephedra is used in high doses or longterm. Ephedra mao ang ika kahenera nga sa kabanay nga ephedraceae. Scientific assessment of ephedra species ephedra spp. Pdf the medicinal significance of ephedra is based on the sympathomimetic properties of ephedrine e alkaloids. Based on field experiments over several years, we demonstrate distinct differences between two ephedra species that grow in sympatry in greece in pollen dispersal.
Ephedra fragilis, ephedrine, lymphocyte activation, cell. Auga daugiausia sausringose pasaulio vietose vidurineje azijoje, prie vidurzemio juros, artimuosiuose rytuose, kinijoje, aridoamerikoje, anduose. Pdf chemical composition of various ephedra species. Benson ex reveal, gnetopsida eichler ex kirpotenko ou ainda pinopsida burnett. Ephedraceae, a locally cultivated medicinal plant, is a source of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine, two important alkaloids. Although ephedra has not fully recovered from the mesozoicpalaeogene extinctions, wind pollination may have facilitated reproductive assurance in ephedra during the climatically unstable zachos et al. Abstract the genus ephedra of the ephedraceae family contains more than 60 species of. Ephedra laristanica ephedra likiangensis ephedra lomatolepis isoefedra ephedra major ephedra milleri ephedra minuta ephedra monosperma ephedra multiflora ephedra nevadensis ephedra ochreata ephedra oxyphylla ephedra pachyclada ephedra pedunculata ephedra pentandra ephedra przewalskii ephedra pseudodistachya ephedra regeliana ephedra rhytidosperma ephedra rituensis ephedra rupestris ephedra. Gymnosperm genera ephedraceae medicinal plants plants used in traditional chinese medicine extant early cretaceous ephedr appearances aptian genus first appearances. It is in leaf all year, in flower from may to june, and the seeds ripen from august to september. An ephedra fragilis in nahilalakip ha genus nga ephedra, ngan familia nga ephedraceae. Witkamp, in comprehensive natural products ii, 2010.
May 04, 2019 grove crane repair manual n 50 free pdf ebook downloads. Giklaseklase sa iucn ang espesye sa kinaminosang kalabotan. Ephedra funerea death valley jointfir ephedra gerardiana gerard jointfir ephedra. Effects of ephedrine and ephedra fragilis crude extracts on human. Gymnosperm genera ephedraceae medicinal plants plants used in traditional chinese. Pdf the role of pollination drops in animal pollination in the. Hosted by the usgs core science analytics and synthesis. The species is dioecious individual flowers are either. Ephedra is an evolutionally isolated group and is the only genus in the order ephedrales. Ephedra can cause severe lifethreatening or disabling conditions in some people. Crece sobre suelos ricos en cal, secos y uy soleados. Seu uso medicinal esta documentado desde ha cinco mil anos na china, onde esta erva e conhecida pelo nome ma huang.
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